A talus fracture occurs when there is a break in one of the bones that forms the ankle. This type of fracture typically happens during a high-energy event. These fractures can lead to an increased loss of motion. A talus fracture that doesn’t heal correctly can be even more dangerous and result in chronic pain. Due to the seriousness of these fractures, many of them require surgery.
Anatomy
The talus makes up the lower portion of the ankle joint and sits above the heel bone. The talus and calcaneus together form the subtalar joint. This joint is important for walking and provides stability on uneven surfaces. The talus transfers weight and pressure forces across the ankle joint as the main connector between the foot and leg. The cartilage covering the talus helps it move smoothly against nearby bones.
Causes
Talus fractures typically occur during high-energy trauma. Accidents where theses fractures are common include car collisions, a fall from height and other sports.
Symptoms
Patients with talus fractures typically report pain, being unable to walk or bear weight on the foot, bruising, swelling and tenderness.
Treatment
A padded splint around the backside of the foot and leg can be an immediate treatment for a talus fracture. Elevating the foot can help minimize swelling and reduce pain. Medical treatment options depend on the severity of the fracture.
Fractures that are stable and well aligned can be treated without surgery. In most cases, talus fractures are severe because of the nature of the energy. A cast is sometimes recommended and will hold the bones in your foot in place as they heal. Most patients will wear a cast for 6 to 8 weeks. The purpose of a cast is to allow the bone to heal enough for you to bear weight on it again without it shifting out of place again. Your doctor will most likely as you to put a limit on weight bearing activities so your foot will have time to heal.
If the bone is displaced surgery is recommended. Doctors will want to internally set and stabilize the broken pieces. During the operation, the surgeon will reposition bone fragments into their normal alignment and then mold them together with special screws or plates.
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